Polycrystalline

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Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

The first solar panels based on polycrystalline silicon, which also is known as polysilicon (p-Si) and multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si), were introduced to the market in 1981. Unlike monocrystalline-based solar panels, polycrystalline solar panels do not require the Czochralski process. Raw silicon is melted and poured into a square mold, which is cooled and cut into perfectly square wafers.

Polycrystalline Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages
  • The process used to make polycrystalline silicon is simpler and cost less.
    The amount of waste silicon is less compared to monocrystalline.
  • Polycrystalline solar panels tend to have slightly lower heat tolerance
    than monocrystalline solar panels. This technically means that they perform slightly worse
    than monocrystalline solar panels in high temperatures.
    Heat can affect the performance of solar panels and shorten their lifespans. However,
    this effect is minor, and most homeowners do not need to take it into account.
Disadvantages
  • The efficiency of polycrystalline-based solar panels is typically 13-16%.
    Because of lower silicon purity, polycrystalline solar panels are not quite as
    efficient as monocrystalline solar panels.
  • Lower space-efficiency. You generally need to cover a larger surface to output
    the same electrical power as you would with a solar panel made of monocrystalline silicon.
    However, this does not mean every monocrystalline solar panel perform better
    than those based on polycrystalline silicon.
  • Monocrystalline and thin-film solar panels tend to be more aesthetically pleasing since
    they have a more uniform look compared to the speckled blue
    color of polycrystalline silicon.